Industry-Nepal

The industry sector in Nepal is very undeveloped. Early industrial ventures, spurred by domestic shortages in the 1930 and 1940, fared badly due inexperience. By 1960 there were 63 registered industries,unsupported by adequate institutional organization or infrastructure. With the influx pf foreign aid targeted at both the industrial sectors and the transport and communications infrastructure, a mix of modern industries and cottage industries slowly developed, numbering 3,557 institutions by 1997. they are small by international standards. Industrial activity, accounting for about 21 percent of GDP, employs only 3 percent of the population. most of these industries are located around urban centers such ads the Kathmandu Vally and in the Terai region.

Nepal suffers from a lack of both internal external investment. This stems from low domestic savings, a small domestic market, a severe shortage of skilled labor, chronically corrupt and inefficient public administrations, high transport and operating coasts, the inadequacy of power resources and, increasingly, political instability. There have been recent attempts to encourage investment and privatization through the industrial policy 1992 and foreign investment and one window policy 1992, and the creations of industrial centers with government land and buildings on lease for private ventures.
 
We have to give priority for national goods for national industries development .

World renowned person.

2068/69 Budget of Nepal burden for general costumers

"The budget for the fiscal year 2068/69 BS is all likely to inflict more burdens on general consumers with inflation", the Consumers' Forum Nepal said.

The general consumers will across additional burdens even on the consumption of daily commodities including food items, though the government's decision to make a hefty review salaries of employees on pressure from the trade union organizations associated to the ruling parties will ease the day-to-day life of civil service employees, the forum concluded.

Though the budget has made provisions to arrange subsidy price shops to make market monitoring effective and take a strong action against those involved in price manipulation, it is hardly possible to bring entrepreneurs involved irregularities to book due to a lack of appropriate mechanism and human resource, the Forum added.

The current budget has not shown its targets towards steering the country to self-reliance by replacing the imports, making food and industrial products a main base of economy', the forum commented, adding it is crystal clear that a burden will be added to daily consumption goods and services.

The forum has urged the government to review the budget since it is not in the interests of consumers. 

About Pokhara.

Pokhara is a remarkable place for natural beauty at an altitude of 827 m above mean sea level and 200 km west of Kathmandu. this city is ever known as a real paradise in Earth. The valley is filled with swift  flowing river and dotted with clear gleaming lakes. It is blessed with the back drop id the most dramatic sincerer in world. A140km of panoramic Himalayan ranges seem close enough to be  touched. But also can be felt. The magnificence of the Himalayas rising behind the lake create an ambiance of peace and magic, kayaking and trekking expeditions following the unification of Nepal in 1769. It took a shape of permanent baaar. Newar migrants from Kathmandu valley established business and introduced new architecture design of the city. It grew as a catering place to caravan traders with limited infrastructure facilities locates at the break of bulk of point along the trans-Himalayan trade routes.

Designation of Pokhara as the Administrative  Headquarter of western region no:3 during the Rana regmi supported to flourish Pokhara valley. The political change of 1951 further accelerated the development activities including linkage with Kathmandu and surround in 1957. In 1958, the valley was formally declared as a municipality and resumed into Town Panchayat in 1965. Establishment of Indian pension paying Pokhara sub-metropolitan city. Hydro-power generated from Phewa Dam provided electricity for the time in Pokhara. Construction of   two high ways viz. Sunauli-Pokhara Highway (1969) and Prithvi Highway (1972) linked Nepal with Indian borders through the terai and hills. progress in functional establishments and growth as a center of trekking tourist contributed to its development. Designation of Pokhara as the ea quarters of the western development region of Nepal  in 1972 Contributed to ipgrade Pokhara Municipality into the present status of Sub-Metropolitan City in 1996.

                                                   Location :

• Between 83 degree 58'30"East to 80degree 02'30" Longitude 
• 28 degree  10' North to 28 degree 16' North latitude.
• Area Pokhara  Sub-Metropolitan City 55.66Km squire.  

Nepal tourism year 2011.

After successful example of Visit Nepal Year 1998, the government of Nepal has decided  to  launch  a national tourism campaign  as "Nepal Tourism Year 2011" in consultation with private sector, tourism entrepreneur and media partners. This mega camping has initiated as a common goal of all concern sector to take Nepal's tourism potentiality on to the new height.

Nepal is widely famous for adventure tourism activities among the visitors from around the world. Almost a million visitors turn to Nepal to perceive the miraculous mountains each year. Though, mountains are the prime attractions of Nepal, there are still bunch of things. unexplored in the different corner of the country. The unparalleled culture, art, landscape, ethnic etiquettes and bio diversity of the country allure thousands of visitors time and again.

Keeping in vision to taking Nepal's profuse tourism opportunity in to the new height, Nepal Tourism Year 2011 campaign focused not only for already existed international market but also to generate domestic tourism culture. In a bid to make this noble national campaign a grand success: the government has allotted sufficient fund to enhance infrastructures; such as expanding airport facilities, searching new trekking routs,promotional activities in the external / internal markets,preparing mire human resources and making conducive environment for the investors.


A travel & tours Nepal express its utmost commitment towards this nation building campaign and invites all our partners, guests, friends, colleagues and well wishers come up and join hand with us their respective capacity. This is a sheer opportunity to contribute the nation.

                  Objectives of Campaign :

• Establish Nepal as choice of premier holiday destination with a definite brand image.
• Improve and extend tourism related infrastructures in existing and new destinations .
• Enhance the capacity of service providers.
• boost community capacity in the new areas to cater the need of the visitors.
• Promote domestic tourism for sustainable growth of the industry.

                             Campaign Targets :

• Achieve one million international visitors.
• Encouraging more investment on tourism infrastructures .
• Maintain the record of domestic tourism.
  

Effect of climate change in Nepal

Rural Nepalese already living poverty are expected to face more intense rainfall, leading to landslide and flood; failed winter wheat crops due to warmer, drier winters : widespread food shortages caused by change in monsoon rains and disrupted planting seasons; diminished hydro-electric supply ; increased prevalence of malaria, leischmaniasis, cholera and typhoid; and mass migration of rural farmers searching for work to feed their families.

'Communities told us corp production is roughly half that of previous years. Some said that while they used to grow enough for one month of the year,last year many could only grow enough for one month's consumption,said Oxfam's Nepal country director, Wayne Gum.' poor farmers relay in rainfall. They farms small areas of land which, at the best of times, can barely produce enough food for the family.

Nepal is extremely vulnerable to climate change yet has one of the lowest emissions in the world just 0.025 per cent of total global greenhouse gas emissions.

The melting of the Himalayan glaciers will also be felt well beyond Nepal's borders. Scientists warn that if the Himalayan glaciers disappear with some predicting this could happen within 30 years the impact would be felt by more than one billion people across Asia.
The impact on riverine communities would be catastrophic and could affect up to 500 million in South asia alone.
Currently, more than 3.4 million people in Nepal are estimated  to require food assistance, due to a combination of natural disasters, including last year's winter drought - one of the worst in the country's history.
The e effects of climate change when they meet discuss a global climate treaty in Copenhagen  in December 2009.

Nepal is one of the world poorest nations, with 31 per of its 28 million population living below the poverty line, many in rural areas most at risk to disasters as floods and landslide.

Hinduism in Nepal

                       

Not much people know that the major religion in Nepal is Hinduism and according to the survey in that 2001 almost 81% population of Nepal acknowledged themselves as Hindu. About 9-10% of people in Nepal are Buddhist and the leftovers are the followers of other religions, along with Muslims and Christians. The Bikram Sampat, The national calender of Nepal is actually a solar Hindu calender and is extensively used in North India as a pious almanac.

Nepal is geographically distributed in such a way that it clearly divulges the prevalence of Hindus in Nepal.The Sunawars, Magars and the Raies are the most Hinduism influenced people in Nepal. As a per the holy books of Hinduism, Aryans were the first people to show up in the prehistoric Nepal. The basic values and beliefs of Aryans are compiled in the Vedas which is an anthropology of over 1000 spiritual and sacred chants ans hymns which are considered as the 
                                          foundation of the Hinduism.             
                                          Hinduism actually is based trinity of three Hindu gods-
                         
                                Lord Shiva the destroyer
                                Lord Vishnu the preserver 
                                Lord Brahma the creator

                               

                                

Buddha was born in Nepal, Not in India

Economic competition among the European nations led to the founding of commercial companies England. In 1600 the est India Company, founded. British Raj started it's colonies power to the land of Indian continent. For 300 to 400 years Indian people have to work as slave for British.And British need more and more mineral and human resource for their colonies power. On 15 1947 India become an  independent   nation. Nepal as a Himalayan country has it's owe history Country has its own history and geographic situation.

Most of the world believes Buddha was born in Kapolvastu ,Nepal. Dr. Anton A.Fuhrer discovered Lumbini Ashoka pillar on December 1-1896. He saw the pillar standing nine feet above the ground  and which he later excavated and found the Ashoka inscription 10 feet below the surface and 6 feet above the base 9. Buddhist influence are evident in culture of  Nepal  because Buddha is born in Nepal.



However, some Indian government agency making baseless statement that he was born in Orissa but currently India is making a fake place similar to lumbini to show that Buddha was born in India. Now Indian claim that founder of Buddhism who was born 2500 years ago in India . India is spreading wrong information about Buddha birth place to attract millions of tourist in India. That fact that India  has been remains and in all probability will continue to be the greatest external influence in Nepali politics.According to whistle blowing site wikileaks disclosure which refereed  to a US government cable that India had provided financial incentives to Nepal Maoists to gain their favor worked counter productive another serious allegation followed by a former high ranking Nepal Army official Bibek Shah that India had trained Nepal Maoists Combatants in their barracks has now come to the fore. India totally influenced in it's foreign policy and homeland security .India unequal relation with it's border country defiantly trace China in South Asia to equalized the Geo-politics power of India. Nepal has better relation with china than India, and no any border dispute.  

Nepali Culture

The relaxation of censorship that followed the overthrow of Rana rule in 1951 encouraged a revival of artistic and intellectual expression. In literature and poetry, Nepali works emphasize the cultural renaissance and national patriotism. King Mahendra, a poet whose Nepali lyrics have been published in English translation under the name of M.B.B. Shah (for Mahendra Bir Bikram Shah), did much to promote the revival of arts and literature. The cultural heritage of Nepal, particularly contributions made by the Newar of Kathmandu Valley to sculpture, painting, and architecture, is a source of great pride. Hindu and Buddhist religious values have provided the basic source of inspiration to Newar artisans. The themes of most artistic works have been primarily religious; the lives of the gods, saints, and heroes and the relationship of man to society and to the universe are expounded in sculpture, architecture, and drama. In Kathmandu Valley some 2,500 temples and shrines display the skill and highly developed aesthetic sense of Newar artisans.
Music and dance are favourite pastimes among the Nepalese. Religious ceremonies require the use of drums and wind instruments preserved from ancient times. Important in most religious and family occasions are devotional songs that have elements of both classical and folk music and that have been used by some contemporary musical revivalists in their attempt to bridge the gap between the two. The government-owned Radio Nepal broadcasts programs in Nepali and English. The country's first television station, at Kathmandu, began broadcasting in 1986.

                                                                                     -  Newari Music -

Newspapers and periodicals are published in Nepali and in English. Newspapers are frequently sensational in tone and are poorly staffed and financed. Gorkha Patra, published by the government, occupies a commanding position in the Nepalese press. Nepalese newspaper readers rely on the foreign press, particularly Indian newspapers, which are flown daily into Kathmandu, for more sophisticated coverage of world and national news.
After 1960 King Mahendra required newspapers to obtain official clearance for all reports of political activity. Subsequently the government increased its censorship, and in 1985 the publication of many newspapers was suspended. In 1990, reflecting the change in the country's political climate, freedom of the press was restored.

Nepal Economy Profile 2011

                                             Economy - overview 

Nepal is among the poorest and least development countries in the world, with almost one-quarter of its population living below the poverty line .Agriculture is the mainstay of the economy, providing a livelihood for three - fourth of the population and accounting for about one-third of GDP. Industrial activity mainly involves the processing of agricultural products, including pulses, jute, sugarcane, tobacco, and grain. Nepal has considerable scope for exploiting its potential in hydro power, with an estimated 83,000MW of feasible capacity, but political instability hampers foreign investment. Additional challenges to Nepal's growth include its landlocked geographic location, civil strife and labor unrest, and its susceptibility to natural disaster .

                                       
                               GDP (purchasing power parity)

                                    $35.81 billion (2010 est.)
                                    $34.25 billion (2009 est.)
                                    $32.66 billion (2008 est.)

  Note: data are in 2010 us dollars .

 

History of Nepal

Before Nepal's emergence as a  nation in the latter half of the 18th century, the designation  'Nepal' was largely applied only too Kathmandu valley. thus up until ta unification  of the country, Nepal's history is largely the history  of the Kathmandu valley. References to Nepal in famous Hindu  epics such as the Mahabharata, puranas and also Buddhist and Jain scriptures, establish the country's antiquity as an independent political and territorial entity. The Vamashavalis or chronicles, the oldest of which was written during the 14th century, are the only fairly reliable basis for Nepal's ancient history. The Vamashavalis mention the rule of several dynasties the Gopalas,the Abhiras and the Kiratas .. over a stretch of centuries. However,no extant historical evidence has yet authenticated the rule of these legendary dynasties.The documented history of  Nepal begins with Changu Narayan temple inscription of king Manadeva I(C 464-505 A.D.) of the Lichavi dynasty .They are 3 dynasty in Nepal there are:
1). Lichavi dynasty
2).Malla dynasty
3). Shah dynasty, Unification of Nepal.

Women in Nepal

Women slave in their households and fields day after day, carrying crippling loads, and holding the burdens of society silently on their backs. They do their work thanklessly and without pay. Although the law states that Nepali men and women receive equal rights... in practice this is not the case.

The future for the rural woman of Nepal is far from bright and promising. The majority of these overworked women are uneducated and under privileged. They sorely lack self-confidence and due to the attitude of the prevailing cultural society do not consider themselves on par with men. They carry the weight of the caste system, the pressure of the dowry system, and the guilt of being a burden to their family.

In too many cases these women may be victims of both physical and mental abuse. Many women are bound to lives that are detrimental to their well being and that of their children, perpetuating a cycle of ignorance and dependence. Deprived of an education and discriminated against in the job market, the rural woman has little choice but to work in the fields. Her future options are bleak.

We wish to provide an alternative for women who yearn to break out of the role that society dictates. Uneducated women with the hunger to learn, under privileged women with the desire to better their lives, and all women who strive for independence find refuge here. These are strong women, who given the chance and a little support, will change the world.

Electricity possibility in nepal

Nepal land is blessed with enormous amount of Water, sources of which comes from the mighty Himalayan Range. Hydropower is the major source of Electricity in this country. World's 20% of electricity is by Hydropower. In contrary, 96% of electricity in Nepal is by Hydropower - That says a lot of Nature Power of Nepal. Hydropower electricity is environment friendly - no pollution in air or in land, and, is also the most efficient method of all.
Yet, Despite the vast amount of source, not all sources have been used in Nepal. Many small to large scale private-run and Government owned companies operate their hydropower projects throughout Nepal.
Nepal has the capacity to produce upto Eight Five Thousand Megawats of Electricity - 85,000 megawatts. Today, country produces less than 50% of that capacity.
Why Can't Nepal Produce Enough Power ?
Due to lack of electricity, many parts of Nepal share electricity. Ask any Nepali who lives here if they like the word - Load Shedding, a term commonly used in Radio/Tvs and Publications to notify public of schedule of electricity for the comming week. Nepal has extreme land. Transportation for any construction in rural parts of Nepal is a major challenge. Many major hydropower projects require years, if not decades. Nepal realizes the problem and the need to generate electricity quickly. So, small hydropower projects, which can be done by small farmers or a group of villages, are being constructed across Nepal.

About Nepal

   Nepal is a federal republic with approximately 29 million inhabitants. Nepal has two neighboring countries. 

On the north side is that China and India lies to the south.The landscape of Nepal is varied. In the north, the Himalayan mountain ranges and the swampy lowlands of the Terai in the south. In between hills and fertile valleys. Furthermore, bamboo and many existing primary forests and rivers. Nepal is characterized by many climate zones. In the Himalayan mountains is an alpine climate with constant frost. In the south in the Terai and Churai a warm and humid subtropical climate.In the central part of Nepal is a temperate climate. The capital Kathmandu has around 800,000 inhabitants and its many attractions Buddhist temples and places and Durbar Square, with the royal place. Furthermore, the Thamel tourist district and the ancient architecture. At the world Heritage list of UNESCO,the national parks of Sagarmatha and Royal Chitwan, Lumbini, the birthplace of Buddha and The Kathmandu valley with mire than 130 monuments including Chajgu Narayan, Swayambhunath Stupa, Bouddhanath stupa, the Pashupatinath temple and the three Durbar squares of the cities Kathmandu, Patan and Bhaktapur. Sights are the many parks, the city of Pokhara, flora and Fauna and the many places of pilgrimage.

Caste system in nepal

The word Caste is derived from the Portuguese word casta, meaning lineage, breed or race. The term "caste," when used in a cultural context, is usually in conjunction with the social division in Hindu society, particularly in India although a form of the caste system was prevalent in many ancient societies, and in particular feudal societies.
In ancient India there developed a social system in which people were divided into separate close communities. These communities are known in English as caste. The origin of the caste system is in Hinduism but it affected the whole Indian society later it has transmitted to Nepal. The caste system in the religious form is basically a simple division of society in which there is four castes arranged in a hierarchy and below them the outcast. But socially the caste system was more complicated, with much more castes and sub-castes and other divisions. Legally the government disallows the practice of caste system but has a policy of affirmative discrimination of the backward classes.
In Hinduism there exists four castes arranged in a hierarchy. Anyone who does not belong to one of these castes is an outcast. The religious word for caste is 'Varna'. Each Varna has certain duties and rights. Each Varna members have to work in certain occupation, which only those Varna members are allowed. Each Varna has certain type of diet. The highest Varna is of the Brahman. Members of this class are priests and the educated people of the society. The Varna after them in hierarchy is Kshatria. The members of this class are the rulers and aristocrats of the society. After them are the Vaisia. Members of this class are the landlords and businessmen of the society. After them in hierarchy is the Sudra. Members of this class are the peasants and working class of the society who work in non-polluting jobs. The caste hierarchy ends here. Below these castes are the outcasts who are untouchable to the four castes. These untouchables worked in degrading jobs like cleaning, sewage etc. (Arora: 1998:84,The Concept of Impurity and Hindu caste System)
The first three castes had social and economical rights, which the Sudra and the untouchables did not have. The first three castes are also seen as 'twice born'. The intention in these two births is to the natural birth and to the ceremonial entrance to the society at a much later age.
Each Varna and also the untouchables and ethnic group in case of Nepal are divided into many communities. These communities are called Jat or Jati (The caste is also used instead of Jat). For example the Brahmans have Jats called Dhakal, Bhattarai, Marasini etc. The untouchable have Jats Kami, Damai, Sarki and Doom, Chammar in the case of terai system and Pode, Chame etc in the case of Newar.But there is no such division of society on the basis of caste in ethnic group although we can find some class differences among this group. Each Jat members are allowed to marry only with their Jat members. People are born into their Jat and it cannot be changed. Once if some one is born to certain cast he/she cannot be change to another jat except in the case of women when they are married they may change to other clan but not jat.If a man is born as Kami he cannot be a Brahmin and Brahmin cannot be a Kami,so caste is a permanent attribute among the Hindu.
Religiously anyone who does not belong to the four Varnas is an outcast and untouchable. It means, all foreigners and non-Hindus are all supposed to be untouchables, in the case of Nepal all the ethnic group should fall in this categories but Muluki Ain has incorporated the entire ethnic group into Caste hierarchy. But in reality neither all foreigners nor non-Hindus were treated as untouchables.
This is the how the caste system is supposed to be in its religious form. But in reality it is much more complicated and different from its religious form.

Nepal's education system

After the overthrow of the Rana Regime in 1951, great effort was taken to establish Nepal Education System. National Education Planning Commission was established in 1954, National Education Committee in 1964 and National Education Advisory Board in 1968. All these efforts were undertaken to upgrade Nepal Education System. Education of Nepal has only recently started to develop. Nepal education has suffered a lot during Rana Regime here when education was suppressed and after that Education was given to aristocratic people of the society. New Education System of Nepal was established in 1971. As a part of the five year plan, it was established to address individual needs, needs of society as a whole to mark national development. The main objective of Education system of Nepal was to develop midlevel managers and skilled man power. Universal Primary education with emphasis on Nepali medium was the main agenda. In 1980, there was increase in private schools. Free school education policy and education for all became the slogan in 90's. Nepal's education system is based on the pattern of United States. It has received much help while forming the curriculum. From Grade 1- 5 is considered primary education while, 6-8 secondary and 9-10 upper secondary. The classes 11 and 12 are together considered higher secondary. A school leaving Certificate is granted to students after passing class ten. Education, Science, Humanities are the streams offered after for Higher Secondary and a certificate is issued after exam. Technical schools are also there.